The round tower, also known as the Conway tower, was constructed as a defensive structure within Petra's north city fortifications. It derived its name from the archaeologist who began excavations in 1929. It is located in a highly strategic area overseeing all directions, including the city center and surrounding areas. Built entirely from large, uncut blocks of sturdy limestone, it boasts an average diameter of over 24 meters. Throughout the Nabataean, Roman, and Byzantine periods, Petra's northern and southern boundaries were fortified with defensive walls, while its eastern and western sides were naturally protected by mountains such as el Habis and el Khubtha.